As a new organization, ISLG is committed to building a library of resources to inform and educate policymakers and the public. These will be available here on our website for viewing and download.
Less Is More: How Reducing Probation Populations Can Improve Outcomes
August 2017
Authors: Michael P. Jacobson, Vincent Schiraldi, Reagan Daly, and Emily Hotez
In this report, the authors discuss the consequences of the tremendous growth in probation supervision over the past several decades in the United States and argue that the number of people on probation supervision needs to be significantly downsized.
The authors find that probation has often not served as an alternative to incarceration, but rather as a key driver of mass incarceration in the United States. Despite the large numbers of individuals under supervision, probation is the most underfunded of agencies within the criminal justice system. This leaves those under supervision, often an impoverished population, with the responsibility of paying for probation supervision fees, court costs, urinalysis tests, and electronic monitoring fees among a plethora of other fines. These financial obligations have incredibly detrimental implications on the mental and economic state of those under supervision and is argued to be an unjust and ineffective public policy.
The authors argue that while the number of people on probation supervision in the U.S. has declined over the past several years (as have the number of people incarcerated and crime rates), that decline should not only be sustained but significantly increased, with a goal of reducing the number of people under probation supervision by 50 percent over 10 years. The authors discuss New York City as an example of a jurisdiction that has successfully done this.
PUBLICATION: Equality Indicators Annual Report 2016
November 2016
Authors: Victoria Lawson, Jocelyn Drummond, Qian Zhang, Julia Bowling, Bijan Kimiagar, Shawnda Chapman Brown, & Margaret Michaels
The Equality Indicators team developed 96 indicators to measure progress towards equality across six thematic areas: Economy, Education, Health, Housing, Justice, and Services. Within each theme, there are four specific topics. For example, within Education, the topics include equality in early education, elementary and middle school education, high school education, and higher education. Finally, within each topic, there are four unique indicators.
PUBLICATION: Social Indicators Research
ARTICLE: “A New Look at Inequality: Introducing and Testing a Cross-Sectional Equality Measurement Framework in New York City”
April 2016
Authors: Besiki Kutateladze, Victoria Lawson
Abstract: Inequality is a characteristic of societies worldwide, and many groups face disparities across a range of domains from economy to health to justice. While inequality is a complex problem in which many of these domains are interconnected, most research examines only one area, or at most the effect of one area on another. This paper details an innovative approach to studying inequality using an indicators methodology. The Equality Indicators are comprised of 96 measures of inequality and how it changes annually across six themes: Economy, Education, Health, Housing, Justice, and Services. It compares the experiences of those most likely to be adversely affected by inequalities to those of less disadvantaged groups. Here, we detail the development of the tool, its structure, data sources, and scoring system, followed by baseline findings from New York City, where we combined administrative and secondary public survey data with the data from a new public survey conducted for this study. We found substantial inequalities across all six themes, although they were most pronounced in Health and Justice. While we are not able to make direct comparisons of indicators in a given year, the intention of the tool is to track change over time; in future years we will be able to compare change or lack thereof across indicators and domains. The current findings across areas, however, suggest that New York City is characterized by vast inequalities, where disadvantaged groups are twice as likely as others to experience negative outcomes in fundamental areas of life.
PUBLICATION: Equality Indicators: Baseline Date for Measuring Change Toward Greater Equality in New York City
September 2015
Authors: Victoria Lawson, Qian Zhang, Shawnda Chapman Brown, & Besiki Kutateladze
Authors: Besiki Kutateladze and Jim Parsons